Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Tryptanthrin, Indirubin, Indican and Isatin Indole Alkaloids During Vegetative and Flowering Stages in the Roots and Leaves of Isatis constricta P. H. Davis

Isatis genus more known as the indigo plant is a plant belonging to the Brassicaceae family in Turkey. Turkey has 31 types and 15 subtypes in various provinces.18 of these species and 3 of the subspecies are assumed as endemic. All taxa of the genus are extensively used in dyeing and treatment of various infections. They contain large number of secondary compounds like phenolics, flavonoids and alkaloids in root, leaf, flower and fruit parts. Among these indole alkaloids like triptanthrin, indirubin, indican and isatin are used in treatment of many diseases. These are obtained from the leaves and roots are pharmacologically active compounds. This study revealed that this biannual herbaceous plant grows 30 - 50 cm in length on volcanic slopes, at 1200 - 1300 meters above sea level. It generally grows in Eastern Anatolia and the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The study aimed to determine optimum ontogenetic stage of Isatis constricta to extract natural bio compounds like indirubin, isatin, indican, tryptanthrin. The leaf and root samples used in this study were collected from Maden county of Elazığ province. They were tested for the presence of these compounds during vegetative and flowering period of the plant. The HPLC (HighPerformance Liquid Chromatography) analysis results showed that tryptanthrin 0.482 (±0.0072) µg/g and indirubin 0.029 (±0.00007) μg/g has the highest concentrations in the leaf samples obtained during the vegetative period. However, isatin 4.358 (± 0.0985) μg/g and indican 21.330 (± 0.114) μg/g were found to have the highest concentration in leaf samples obtained during flowering period. When both results are compared, it can be seen that the amount of tryptanthrin, isatin, indirubin and indican alkaloids were found in the leaves of I. constricta higher than to the roots. This research idicate that the most appropriate development stage of I. constricta to obtain triptanthrin indirubin, indican and isatin compounds

Tourmaline nanoparticles doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers

The aim of this work is to produce tourmaline (TM) doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nano-composite fibers. TM-containing PVDF nanofibers were produced via a horizontally located electrospinning unit. N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and acetone were used as solvents. The amount of PVDF or PVDF/TM in the polymer solution was 20 wt.%. PVDF was dissolved in DMF in presence of heat by using a magnetic stirrer while TM powder was dispersed in Acetone in absence of heat by using an ultrasonic stirrer. These two solutions were then mixed for TM/PVDF nanocomposite fiber production. Pristine PVDF nanofibers were also electrospun as control samples. Produced nano-surfaces were analyzed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Voltage generation capacities were investigated by recording the voltage outputs of samples under an applied rotational impact. The peak voltage produced by the TM doped PVDF nanocomposite fibers was higher than the PVDF nanofibers. © 2019, Kauno Technologijos Universitetas. All rights reserved.NKUBAP.06This work was supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Tekirdag Namik Kemal University. “Project number NKUBAP.06.GA.17.093

Evaluation of the Waste Management Practices With Regard of Sustainable Development Goals By Household: Edirne Case

DergiPark: 727716trakyasobedHuman being poses a threat, with his consumption-oriented life style, not only for the other living creatures and nature but also for the continuity of his generation. The concept of sustainable development was suggested through the studies aiming at preserving the natural resources and ensuring continuous fulfillment of needs by giving up this selfish and consumption-oriented style of living. In the 21st century, the whole world has been shifting from linear economy practices to circular economy practices. This means the “Buy-Use-Throw Away” mentality is being replaced by “Buy-Use-Reuse”. This shift is crucial for waste management, which is a subject having an important place in sustainable development. The aim of this study is to reveal the behaviors and evaluations of the people of the region regarding waste management practices. In this research, the behaviors of households in the region, waste sorting, recycling and caring about environmental product emblems and evaluations of EDİKAB (Edirne Solid Waste Association) facility, which started its activities in 2018, are presented.İnsanoğlu tüketim odaklı yaşamı ile sadece diğer canlılar ve doğa için değil kendi neslinin devamı için de tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu bencil ve tüketime dayalı yaşam biçiminin terk edilerek doğal kaynakların korunmasını ve ihtiyaçların karşılanmasında devamlılık sağlayabilmeyi amaçlayan çalışmalar ile sürdürülebilir kalkınma kavramı ortaya konmuştur.21. yüzyılda, tüm dünyada doğrusal ekonomi uygulamaları terk edilerek döngüsel ekonomi uygulamalarına geçilmektedir. Bu durum, ‘’Al-Kullan-At’’ politikasının yerini ‘’Al-Kullan- Yeniden Kullan’’ politikasına bırakması anlamına gelmektedir. Bu değişim, sürdürülebilir kalkınmada önemli bir yere sahip olan atık yönetimi konusu için de çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bölge insanının atık yönetimi uygulamalarına dair davranışlarını ve değerlendirmelerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu araştırmada, bölgedeki hane halkının atık ayrıştırma, geri dönüşüm ve çevreci ürün amblemlerini önemseme davranışları, Edirne’de 2018 yılında faaliyetine başlayan EDİKAB (Edirne Katı Atık Birliği) tesisine dair değerlendirmeleri ortaya konmaktadır

Elektro Lif çekim Yöntemi ıle Piezoelektrik Nanolif üretimi Ve Karakterizasyonu

NKUBAP.06.GA.17.093 nolu proje kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiş olan bu çalışmada PVDF polimeri turmalin nano kristalleri ile katkılandırılmıştır. Burada amaç, turmalin kristalinin PVDF polimerinin piezoelektrik özelliği üzerinde bir artışa neden olup olmadığını incelemektir. Bu nedenle turmalin katkılandırılmış PVDF polimerinin uygun çözücülerde çözdürülmesi sonucunda elde edilen polimer çözeltisi elektro lif çekim ünitesine beslenerek nano lif üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerek çözelti hazırlanması sırasında kullanılacak çözücü cinsi ve miktarı gerekse elektro lif çekim esnasında uygulanacak besleme hızı, gerilim miktarı, iğne-toplayıcı arası mesafe gibi lif çekim ünitesi parametreleri, literatürün de yardımıyla denenerek tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar neticesinde en uygun parametreler belirlenerek üretimler bu doğrultuda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu proje kapsamında, PVDF homopolimeri ve farklı oranlarda turmalin nano kristalleri ile katkılandırılmış PVDF polimerleri DMF, DMAC, Aseton gibi çözücüler yardımıyla çözündürülmüştür. Hazırlanan polimer çözeltileri elektro lif çekim ünitesinden çekilerek nano yüzeyler elde edilmiştir. Üretilen nano yüzeyler SEM, FTIR ile analiz edilmiş ve aynı zamanda voltaj üretim kapasiteleri incelenmiştir. Hazırlanan numunelerin voltaj çıktıları osiloskop ile değerlendirildiIn this work, which was carried out within the scope of NKUBAP.06.GA.17.093 project, PVDF polymer was compounded with tourmaline nanocrystals. The aim of this work is to investigate whether tourmaline crystals cause an increase in the piezoelectric properties of PVDF. For this reason, nanofiber production was carried out by feeding the polymer solution, which was obtained by dissolving tourmaline-added PVDF polymer in suitable solvents, into the electrospining unit. The type and the amount of solvent to be used during the preparation of the polymer solution, electrospinnig parameters such as the feed rate, the amount of applied voltage and the distance between the needle and the collector were tried and determined with the help of literature. The most suitable parameters were determined as a result of trials and the productions were realized in this direction. Within this project, PVDF homopolymer and PVDF polymers compounded with tourmaline nanocrystals at different ratios were dissolved by the help of solvents such as DMF, DMAC, Acetone. The prepared polymer solutions were withdrawn from the electrospinning unit to obtain nano-surfaces. The produced nano-surfaces were analyzed with SEM, FTIR and their voltage generation capacities were investigated. Voltage outputs of the prepared samples were evaluated by using an oscilloscope

Metastatik küçük hücre dışı akciğer kanseri hastalarının ikinci veya ileri sıra tedavisinde immünoterapinin gerçek yaşam analizi

Background: Immunotherapy agents such as atezolizumab and nivolumab are appropriate option for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts in the absence of driver mutation, regardless of PDL-1 expression in second and later line setting. Herein we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy for the second and later line settings in metastatic NSCLC patients as a single center experience. Methods: Totally, 37 patients with metastatic NSCLC who received atezolizumab or nivolumab in the second or later lines were included. Clinicopathological features of patients and survival outcomes were analyzed. The safety profile and the factors that may predict survival were also evaluated. Results: Twenty-nine (78.4%) of patients were men and 8 of patients (21.6%) were woman with median age of 61 years (range:42-80). Atezolizumab was preferred in 22 (59.5%) of these patients and nivolumab in 15 (40.5%) of them. Objective response rate was 35.1%. At a median follow up of 22.5 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.7 months, median overall survival (OS) was 24.1 months. Univariate analysis for PFS revealed that gender (p=0.03), age (p=0.005), the presence of brain metastasis (p=0.02), PDL-1 status >1% (p=0.035), ECOG PS (p=0.04) and the good response to frontline treatment (p=0.015) were found to be significant prognostic indicators. It also showed that the presence of brain metastasis (p=0.03), PDL-1 status >1% (p=0.027), good response to frontline treatment (p=0.022) and atezolizumab preference (p=0.018) were prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion: Our real-life analysis indicated that atezolizumab and nivolumab improved survivals with good safety profile in second and later lines treatment of metastatic NSCLC patients.Atezolizumab ve nivolumab, driver mutasyon yokluğunda, küçük hücre dışı akciğer kanserinin (KHDAK) ikinci ve sonraki basamak tedavisinde PDL-1 durumundan bağımsız olarak kullanılabilen iyi bir seçenektir. Burada, metastatik KHDAK’li hastalarda ikinci ve sonraki sıra tedavide immünoterapinin etkinliğini ve güvenliğini değerlendirmeyi tek Merkez deneyimi olarak amaçladık. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya, ikinci veya sonraki sıralarda atezolizumab veya nivolumab alan toplam 37 metastatik KHDAK hastası dahil edildi. Hastaların klinikopatolojik özellikleri ve sağkalım sonuçları analiz edildi. Güvenlik profili ve sağkalımı öngörebilecek faktörler değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Hastaların 29'u (%78.4) erkek, 8'i (% 21.6) kadın, ortanca yaş 61 (aralık: 42-80) idi. Bu hastaların 22'sinde (%59.5) atezolizumab, 15'inde (% 40.5) nivolumab tercih edilmişdi. Objektif yanıt oranı %35.1 idi. Medyan 22.5 aylık takipte, medyan progresyonsuz sağkalım 4.7 (PSK) ay iken, medyan genel sağkalım (OS) 24.1 ay olarak bulundu. PFS için tek değişkenli analizde, cinsiyet (p=0.03), yaş (p=0.005), beyin metastazı varlığı (p=0.02), PDL-1 durumu >%1 (p=0.035), ECOG PS (p=0.04) ve ilk sıra tedaviye iyi yanıt varlığı (p=0.015) anlamlı prognostik göstergeler olarak bulundu. OS için ise, beyin metastazı varlığı (p=0.03), PDL-1 durumu >%1 (p=0.027), ilk sıra tedaviye iyi yanıt varlığı (p=0.022) ve atezolizumab tercihi (p=0.018) prognostik faktörler olarak bulundu. Sonuçlar: Gerçek hayat analizimiz, atezolizumab ve nivolumabın, metastatik KHDAK hastalarının ikinci ve sonraki basamak tedavilerinde iyi güvenlik profili ile sağkalımı iyileştirdiğini gösterdi

Role of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy in the Management of Salivary Gland Masses

Objective:Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is widely used in the management of salivary gland masses. Its main advantage is its ability to differentiate benign from malignant disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic ability of FNAB in salivary gland masses.Methods:The records of patients who had undergone FNAB before parotidectomy or submandibular gland excision between 2005 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. FNAB results were classified as negative, positive, suspicious for malignancy, and non-diagnostic. Preoperative FNAB results were compared with definitive histopathological results. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of FNAB results were calculated.Results:A total of 285 patients were enrolled. Among them, 230 (80.7%) had parotid gland and 55 (19.3%) had submandibular gland masses. Following a definitive histopathological examination, the most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma (52.6%), whereas malignant tumors were mucoepidermoid carcinoma (2%) and squamous cell carcinoma (2%). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of FNAB results were 76.9%, 95.4%, 75%, 95.9%, and 92.6%, respectively. The rate of a suspicious cytology was 5.2% (15 patients) and that of a non-diagnostic cytology was 8.8% (25 patients).Conclusion:FNAB is a safe and simple diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of salivary gland masses and has a relatively high sensitivity and specificity. It may provide valuable information for patient counselling and surgical planning. The major drawbacks include a lower sensitivity than specificity and a relatively high rate of non-diagnostic results

Examination of the factors related to violence against women attitude in university students

Çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinde kadına yönelik şiddet tutumu ilgili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacı ile kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini 672 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veriler “Kişisel bilgi formu”, “İSKEBE Kadına Yönelik Şiddet Tutum Ölçeği”, “Sosyal Kaygı Ölçeği”, “Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği”, “Edilgenlik, Girişkenlik ve Saldırganlık Ölçeği, “İletişim Becerilerini Değerlendirme Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; sayı, ortalama, yüzde, t testi ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Kadına yönelik şiddete ilişkin varyansın %5’i bireylerin sosyal kaygısıyla, %3’ü düşük empatik eğilim becerileriyle, %5’i edilgenlikleriyle, %5’i saldırganlıklarıyla ve %3’ü düşük iletişim becerileri ile açıklanmaktadır. Öğrencilerin sosyal kaygı düzeyleri, edilgenlik ve saldırganlık özellikleri kadına yönelik şiddet tutumlarını arttırırken; empatik eğilim becerileri ve iletişim becerileri ise kadına yönelik şiddet tutumlarını azaltmaktadır.The study was conducted to cross-sectionally to determine the factors related to violence against women attitude in university students. The sample is consisted of 672 students. "Personal Information Form", "İSKEBE Violence Against Women Attitude Scale", "Social Anxiety Scale", "Empathic Tendency Scale", "Passivity, Assertiveness and Aggression Scale" and "Communication Skills Evaluation Scale" were used. Number, average, percentage, t test and regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. It is possible to explain 5% of variance related to violence towards women by social anxiety, 3% of it by low empathic tendency skills, 5% of it by passivity, 5% of it by aggression, 3% of it by low communication skills of individuals. The social anxiety levels, passivity, aggression characteristics of students increase their attitudes towards violence against women while their empathic tendency skills, communication skills decrease their violence attitudes

Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4@Cs@Ag nanocomposite and its use in the production of magnetic and antibacterial nanofibrous membranes

Electrospinning is a promising technique to produce polymeric as well as metal oxide nanofibers in diverse domains. In this work, different weight ratios (5%, 7.5% and 10%) of Fe3O4@Cs@Ag magnetic nanoparticles were added in PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) polymer and fabricated via electrospinning method to produce magnetic nanofibers (MNFs). Structural, magnetic, morphological, spectroscopic and thermal properties of produced nanofibers were characterized. Furtheremore, antibacterial effects of Fe3O4@Cs@Ag nanofibrous membrane was investigated. Obtained SEM images showed that produced nanofibers were uniform and defect free. Moreover, crystallinity and magnetic moment of fibers was tested by using X-ray diffraction and a vibrating sample magnetometer. The results showed that produced nanofibrous membranes exhibited good antibacterial activity versus Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. © 2020National Science Foundation, NSF; Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences, MPS: 1726617This work was supported in part by Scientific Research Unit of Nam?k Kemal University within NKUBAP.06.GA.19.195 coded project. Magnetic Characterization at Virginia Commonwealth University was partially supported by National Science Foundation, Award Number: 1726617.This work was supported in part by Scientific Research Unit of Namık Kemal University within NKUBAP.06.GA.19.195 coded project. Magnetic Characterization at Virginia Commonwealth University was partially supported by National Science Foundation , Award Number: 1726617